Quick answer
Continuity between neutral and earth with nothing plugged in is normal on a TN-C-S (PME) supply, where neutral and earth are bonded at the meter or consumer unit. On a TT system it may indicate a wiring fault. Check whether your supply is PME first. If readings are unexpected or you have any doubt, stop testing and call a qualified electrician, as faults in this area affect shock protection for the whole installation.
Finding continuity between the neutral and earth terminals on a circuit when nothing is connected can feel alarming, but in many UK homes it is completely normal. Here is why, and what to do next.
Why it often happens normally
Most UK homes are connected to the grid via a TN-C-S supply, also called PME or Protective Multiple Earthing. With this type of supply, the electricity network deliberately connects the neutral conductor to the earth at the cutout and again at your meter or consumer unit. Because neutral and earth share a common reference point, a continuity tester will always show a connection between them, even with every appliance unplugged.
When it could mean a problem
If your property has a TT supply, common in rural areas where a local earth rod is used instead of a network earth, the neutral and earth should not show continuity unless they are connected somewhere inside the installation. In that case, continuity between the two could mean a wiring error, a damaged cable where the neutral and earth conductors have touched, or a fault inside a socket, light fitting, or junction box.
What you can safely check yourself
Check the supply type by looking at your cutout and meter. A TN-C-S supply usually has a thick cable connecting the neutral terminal to the earth bar in the consumer unit. A TT system will have an earth rod outside and no such link inside.
Check that every socket, switch, and light fitting on the circuit is securely covered and undamaged.
Look for any recent DIY work, damage to cables, or signs of burning or moisture.
Do not remove the consumer unit cover or touch any terminals inside it.
When to call a qualified electrician
Call an electrician if you have a TT system and are seeing unexpected continuity, if RCDs are tripping for no obvious reason, if appliances are giving mild shocks, if you are unsure which type of supply you have, or if the continuity reading appeared suddenly after new work was done. An electrician can carry out proper insulation resistance and earth loop impedance tests to find the exact cause quickly and safely.
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